Internal combustion engine



Jan. 10, 1933.

c. A. ROSIER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed May 24,1929 QAIJ\ hug (n In 1NVENTOR.

BYf

ATTORNEY]:

Jan. 10, 1933. c. A. ROSIER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2ia-i k ATTORNEYS.

Patented Jan. 10, 1933 PATENT OFFICE CHARLES A. ROSIER, or BRONX, NEWYORK INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Application filed Kay 24,

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and carburetor orfuel feeding means therefor.

An object of this invention is to provide a device of the characterdescribed adapted for use with gasoline or hydrocarbon oil fuels, whichwill be smooth and regular in action, relatively inexpensive tomanufacture, easy to control and regulate and yet practical andefiicient to a high degree in use.

Other objects of this invention will in part be obvious and in parthereinafter pointed out. i

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction,combinations of elements, and arrangement of parts which will beexemplified in the construction hereinafter described and of which thescope of application will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which is shown one of the variouspossible illustrative embodiments of this invention Fig. 1 is a side,elevational, partially crosssectional view of an engine provided with acarburetor embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 44 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Referring in detail to the drawings for an embodiment of the invention,10 designates a motor here shown as a two cylinder internal combustiontype provided with the usual fuel intake ports 12-and 13 interconnectedby a manifold pipe 14 communicating thru a pipe 15 with the carburetor16.

Means is provided for selectively or simultaneously feeding gasoline andprepared hydrocarbon fuel oils to said carburetor. To this end, a T pipefitting 17 having a branch 18 is provided with a nipple 19 forconnection to any suitable supply of hydrocarbon fuel oil- Within saidbranch 18 is a one way valve 20 of any suitable type for preventing backflow of the fuel tothe supply. The

1929. Serial No. 365,704.

branch 21 of said fitting 17 is provided with a needle valve 21aactuable by a handle 22 for regulating the flow of the liquid fuel tothe feeding mechanism. Attached to said T connection 17 is a box 23forming a chamber 24 for receiving the hydrocarbon fuel and having avalve openmg 25 cooperating with the needle valve 210:. For preparingthe hydrocarbon oil for use in thecarburetor 16, means is provided for wvaporizing, expanding and gasifying the fuel fed to the chamber 24. Tothis end, a motor exhaust pipe 26 interconnects the motor 10 with themufiier 27. Said pipe comprises portions 30 and 31 interconnected by anenlarged box 32 forming a chamber 32a having an opening 33 at one sidethereof, and a pipe portion 28 providing a partition wall 28a separatingsaid chamber from said pipe portion. Extending into said openin 33 is apipe 34 m communicating with said 0 amber 24, said tube having anannular flange tightly wedged between boxes 23 and 32. It will now beclear that the air in chamber 32a will be heated by conduction from thehot exhaust gases 35 in the exhaust pipe 26, the heat passing thru wall28a for this purpose. In this manner,

the accumulation of deposits from the exhaust gases in pipe 34 isprevented and permitting the same to function pro erly for 39 longperiods without the necessity or cleanmg. g

The tube 34 comprises an outer tubular wall 35 and an inner tubular wall35a concentric therewith and spaced therefrom, said 35 walls beinginterconnected by an outer end wall 356. The inner tubular wall 35a isclosed by an end wall 350 at the end thereof opposite to end wall 356.The hot air in the preheating chamber 32a may thus surround W the tube34 inside and out, coming in contact with the outer wall 35 and innerwall 35a. For circulating the hydrocarbon fuels into contact with theheated walls of tube 35, a baflle or partition member 36 is provided.Said member 36 is preferably made of aluminnm or any other suitablesubstance having a catalytic efiect to facilitate and enhance thegasification of the fuels in tube 35. Said members comprise a plateportion 36a contacting the side walls 23a of box 23 and also Idiametrically contacting the end wall 355 of tubular wall 35a, thusdividing-the box into two chambers 23b and 230. At one end thereof saidplate 36a is provided with a 'fianged portion 36b contacting rear wall23a and attached thereto as by screws or rivets 37. Secured to saidplate 36a along the side edges 36c thereof are a pair of rods 38projecting into the cylindrical space between tubular walls 35 andfrictionally contacting the same, thus" dividing said space into twosemi-cylindrical chambers 39a, 39b. Said rods terminate short of the endWall 35?; at one end i and are split as at 38a for receiving the sideedges 36a of said plate 36 at the opposite end, said latter end port-ionbeing secured to said plates as by rivets 39. It will now be clear thatthe fuel entering the lower chamber 235 will be expanded and heatedtherein and will circulate thru the lower semi-cylindrical tubularchamber 3%, around the end portions of the rods 38 and above said rodsthru the upper semi-cylindrical chamber 390 and into the upper chamber230. The fuel contacting the catalyzing member 36 and the heated wallsof 'the tube 34 will be thus thoroughly Means is provided formaintaining a substantially even temperature in the chamber 32a. To thisend a thermostatic control device 100 is mounted on a wall portion 101of said box 32. Said control comprises a housmg 102 having a threadedportion 102a screwed into a screw threaded opening 103 in said wall 101.Secured to the outer end of said housing is an end wall 104 providedwith a plurality of perforations 105, and a central opening 105a fixedlyreceiving a guide pin 106 extending into said housing. The portion 102ais provided witha' central openin 1025 loosely receiving a sleeve membercontacting at one end thereof with said tube 34 and having a sliding fiton guide pin 106. Said sleeve is provided with an mtegral valve head 108normally pressed upwardly by a spring 108a to contact valve seat 109 toclose t e chamber 32a. Upon increase of temperature of the air withinthe chamber 32a, above a predetermined point, the metal tube or sleeve107 expands against the pressure of said spring 10811 to unseat the head108 and permit the cooler air to enter the chamber 32a thru openings 105and 1025. The mixing of the cooler air with the heated air of chamber32a obviously lowers the temperature therein and causes contraction ofthe tube 107 to again close the valye. Thus an even tem-' I perature ismaintained within the chamber 32a permitting uniform operation of thegasifying and expanding means.

The expanded and gasified hydrocarbon fuel after leaving the preheatingchamber passes thru the pipe 40 to passage 41, the flow of said fuel tosaid passage be ng controlled rounding said tube 52 an concentricthere-' may be selectively or slmultaneously fed to the carburetor 16.

Said carburetor comprises a dome shaped member 50 communicating with thepipe 15 thru a nozzled passage 51. Centrally disposed within said domeshaped member 50 is a tubular member 52 provided with a bottom Wall 53having an opening 54 slidably receiving the stem 56a of a spring pressedpoppet valve 56. Said valve is provided with a head 57 normallymaintained in seated condition against the upper end 58 of said tube 52by a spring 59 interposed between the underside of said wall 53 and awasher 60 attached to the lower end of the valve stem. A tubular housing53a having a screw threaded engagement with flan e 535 depending fromsaid wall 53 houses an protectsthe lower end of said valve. A perforatedide piece 61 may be secured within the tu e52 adjacent the upper endthereof, said piecebeing provided with a central opening 52 for slldablyreceiving the'valve stem 56a. Said tube 52 commumcates thru a passage 63with assages 41, 43 for receivin the fuels. ur-

with is a cylindrical wall 65 forming an annular chamber-66communicating with the. chamber 67 formed by the dome shaped housin 50.

cans is provided for feedin preheated air to said annular chamber 66 arformin a pro er combustible mixture. To this en a jac et 70 surroundinga portion of the pipe 31 is provided with an open end .71 for receivingair which becomes heated due to contact with said pipe 31. A-pi e72connects said jacket 70 with a fitting 3 rovided with a pop et valve74, said valve aving a stem 74a sli ably mounted on a perforate washer74b fixed in said fitting. Fixed to said stem at the outerend thereof isa washer 740 slidable within said fitting 73 and interposed'between saidwashers 74b, 74a is a spring 74d mounted on said stem 74a and normallymaintaining the valve in closed condition, Said valved fittin 73communicates with the annular cham er 66 thru a pipe 75. Said valve 74thus controls passage of preheated air from jacket 70 to the mixingchamber 67. For feeding unheated or fresh air to said mixing chamber 67,an aspirator 78 is provided with a spring pressed oppet valve 79(similar to valves 56 and 74 i, communicating thru a pipe 82, with anannular chamber 80 surroun ing the cylinder and in turn communicatingwith the mixin chamber 67. A housing 84 (similar to housing 5311) may beprovided for protecting the lower end of the valve 79. The air enteringthe flaring chamber 85 above said valve passes into the conduit 82 whenthe valve 79 unseats as will hereinafter be described. A butterfly valve81 having an actuating handle 81a controls the passage of the air thrusaid conduit'82.

The operation of the device will now be clear. Preferably, the engine isstarted on gasoline, the valve 42 being actuated to cut off the passageof prepared hydrocarbon fuel to the conduit 41. The valve 44 may then beopened to permit gasoline to enter the tube 22. The motor may be turnedover by any suitable starting means to produce a. suc tion in themanifold 14. The reduction of ressure in the manifold (and consequentlyin chambers 67 and conduits 82 and 75) will automatically andsimultaneously cause the poppet valves 56, 74 and 79 respectively tounseat, thus permitting the passage of gasoline from the tube 52, thepreheated air from the jacket70, and unheated air from the aspirator 78to enter the mixing chamber 67 and flow thru the manifold to theintakeopenings 12 and 13 of the motor 10. When the pistons in the motor moveupwardly on the compression stroke, the pressure in the manifold willautomatically increase to force the poppet valves to automatically andsimultaneously close against the pressure of their respective springs.In this manner, a smooth and continuous feeding operation of theatomized fuel is effected. As the motor is in operation, the exhaustgases passing thru pipe 26 to heat the chamber 32a. The hot exhaustgases thusserve to preheat the gasifying means 34 and also to heat theair entering the jacket 70. When the chamber 32 is sufficiently heated,the valve 42 may be open to permit the gasified hydrocarbons prepared insaid mixing mechanism 34 to be fed to the carburetor. The valve 44 maythen be closed to cut oif the supply of gasoline to the carburetor, andthe motor operated solely on the cheaper fuel oil.

It has been found that the manual valve 81 controls the operation of allof the three poppet valves 52, 74 and 79. Thus, uponturning the handle81a to cut down the supply of fresh air from the aspirator, theoperation of all three automatic Valves is decreased to cut down thesupply of fuel to the motor.

It will thus be seen that there is provided a device in which theseveral objects of this invention are achieved, and which is welladapted to meet the conditions of practical use. a

As various possible embodiments might be made of the above invention,and as va- I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In combination with a motor having a fuel intake opening, a mixingchamber communicating therewith, means for feeding gasificd hydrocarbontosaid chamber, means for feeding preheated air to said chamber andmeans for feeding unheated air to said chamber, and separate valvesassociated with each of said means adapted to open automat cally uponreduction 'of pressure of said intake opening.

2. In combination with-the manifold of an internal combustion engine, amixing chamber communicating with said manifold, a tubular memberopening into said chamber, a cylindrical Wall about said tube forming anannular space communicating with said chamber, and a well about saidlast named wall forming an annular space communicating with said chamberand means associated with said tube and spaces for automatically feedingfuel, preheated air and unheated air tosaid chamber.

3. In combination with the manifold of an internal combustion engine, amixing chamber communicating with said manifold, a tubular memberopening into said chamber, a cylindrical wall about said tube forming anannular space communicating with said chamber, and a wall about saidlast named wall formingan annular space communicather, a cylindricalwall about said member forming an annular space communicating with saidchamber, a wall about said last named wall forming an annular spacecommunicating with said chamber, a spring pressed poppet valve withinsaid tubular member, conduits communicating with said annular spaces,and spring pressed valves w'thin said conduits.

5. In combination with the manifold of an internal combustion engine, amixing chamber communicating with said manifold,

a tubular member open ng into said chamher, a cylindrical wall aboutsaid member forming an annular space communicating with said chamber, awall about said last named wall forming an annular space communicatingwith said chamber, a spring pressed poppet valve within said tubularmember, conduits communicating with said annular spaces and springpressed valves within said conduits, all of said valves being arrangedfor simultaneous and automatic I member, conduits within said annularspaces,

spring pressed valves within and means of said spaces, unheated air toanother of said spaces, and manual means for selectively orsimultaneously feeding gasoline and said conduits,

hydrocarbon fuel to said tubular member.

7. In combination, a motor having a manifold and exhaust pipes, meansfor feeding hydrocarbon fuel to said manifold, means for preheating saidfuel, said means comprising a chamber attached to said exhaust pipe'anda tubular member extending into said chamber, and thermostatic controlmeans for said member.

8. In combination with the manifold of an internal combustion engine, amixing chamber communicating with said manifold, a tubular memberopening into said chamber, a cylindrical wall about said member formingan annular space communicating with said chamber, a wall about saidlastnamed wall forming an annular space communicating with said chamber, aspring pressed poppet valve within said tubular member, conduitscommunicating with said annular spaces, spring pressed valves withinsaid conduits, and a manually controlled valve in one of said conduits.

9. In combination with the manifold of an internal combustion engine, amixing chamber communicating with said manifold, a tubular memberopening into said chamber, a cylindrical wall about said member formingan annular space communicating with said chamber, a spring pressedpoppet valve within said tubular member, conduits communicating withsaid annular spaces, spring pressed valves within said conduits, all ofsaid valves being arranged for simultaneous and automatic opening uponreducing the pressure in said manifold below a predetermined point, andmanual means for controllingthe action of said poppet valves.

10. In combination with a manifold of an internal combustion engine, amixing chamfor feeding preheated air to onecylindrical wall aboutsaid-member forming an annular space communicating with sai chamber, awall about said last named wall forming an annular space communicatingwith said chamber, a spring pressed poppet valve within said tubularmember, conduits within said annular spaces, spring pressed valveswithin said conduits, and means for feeding preheated air to one of saidconduits, unheated air to another of said conduits and manual means forselectively or simultaneously feeding gasoline and hydrocarbon fuel tosaid tubular member, and a single means for manually controlling theaction of said spring pressed valves. o

11. In combination, a motor havm mamfold and exhaust pipes, an enlargedox adfuel, said .means comprising a tubular mem-' ber having spacedinner and outer wall portions and a plate member having portionsprojecting into the space between said walls, and thermostatic controlmeans for automatically maintaining the temperature in said box at apredetermined temperature.

13. In combination, a motor havin manifold and exhaust pipes, anenlarged ox adjac'ent said exhaust pipe having an opening,

means for feeding hydrocarbon fuel to said manifold, and means extendinginto said box thru said opening for preheating said fuel, said meanscomprising a tubular member having spaced inner and outer cylindricalwallsconnected by a closure at one end, said inner wall having a closureat an end thereof op-.

posite to said first mentioned end, and a plate contacting the closurefor said inner wall and having portions projecting into the spacebetween said cylindrical walls, said portions terminating short of saidclosurewhich contacts said walls.

14. In combination with the intake manifold of an internal combustionengine, a mix- 1n chamber communicating with said manifol d, means forfeeding fuel to said chamber, means for feeding reheated air to saidchamber, means for fee ing unheated air to said chamber and a controlvalve operatively associated with each of said means, said controlvalves being adapted to automatically open upon reducing the pressurewithin said manifold below a predetermined point.

15. In combination with the intake manifold of an internal combustionengine, a mixing chamber communicating with said manifold, means forfeeding fuel to said chamber, means for feeding preheated air to saidchamber, means for feeding unheated air to said chamber and a controlvalve operatively associated with each of said means, said controlvalves being adapted to automatically open upon reducing the pressurewithin said manifold below a predetermined point, and a single manuallyoperative means for controllin the action of said valves.

' 16. n combination with the intake manifold of an internal combustionengine, a carburetor having a mixing chamber communicating with saidmanifold, a passage adapted to receive preheated fuel communicating withsaid chamber,'a passage adapted to receive unheated air communicatingwith said chamber, and valves within each of said passages adapted toopen simultaneously and automatically upon reducing the pressure withinsaid manifold above a predetermined point.

17. In combination with the intake manifold of an internal combustionengine, a mixing chamber communicating with said manifold, a tubularmember opening into said chamber, a wall about said member forming aspace communicating with said chamber, and a wall about said first namedWall forming a space communicating with said chamher, and meansassociated with said member and spaces for automatically feeding fuel,preheated air and unheated air to said chamber.

18. In combination with the intake manifold of an internal combustionengine, a mixing chamber communicating with said manifold, a tubularmember opening into said chamber, a wall about said member forming aspacecommunicating with said chamber, a wall about said last named wallforming a space communicating with said chamber, a valve within saidtubular member, conduits communicating with said spaces, and valveswithin said conduits, all of said valves being arranged for simultaneousand automatic opening upon reducing the pressure w1th1n said manifoldbelow a predetermined point.

19. In combination with the manifold of an internal combustion engine, amixing chamber communicating with said manifold, a tubular memberopening into said chamber, a wall about said member forming an annularchamber, a wall about said last named wall forming an annular spacecommunicating with said mixing chamber, a valve within said tubularmember adapted to be unseated upon reduction of pressure within saidmanifold, and means for heating said annular chamber.

20. In combination with the manifold of chamber communicating with saidmanifold,

21. In combination, an internal combustion motor having'an intakeopening, a mixing chamber communicating with said opening, a tubularmember communicating with saidmixing chamber, a heating device, meansfor feeding fuel oil to said heating device for gasifyingthe same,conduit-means for carrying said gasified fuel to said tubular member, avalve in said tubular member adapted to be unseated upon reduction ofpressure within said mixing chamber, a one way check valve within saidoil feeding means to prevent back flow therein, a pocket formed aboutsaid tubular member, an annular chamber about said pocket communicatingwith said mixing chamber, means for feeding free air to said annularchamber, and means for heating said pocket whereby said tubular memberand said annular chamber are heated by said heated pocket.

22. In combination, an internal combustion motor having an intakeopening, a mixing chamber communicating with said opening, a tubularmember communicating with said mixing chamber, a heatin device, meansfor feeding oilto said heating device for gasifying the same, conduitmeans for carrying said gasified fuel to said tubular member, a valve insaid tubular member adapted to be unseated upon reduction of pressurewithin said mixing chamber, a one way check valve within said oilfeeding means to prevent back flow therein, a pocket formed about saidtubular member, an annular chamber about said pocket communicating withsaid mixing chamber,.means for feeding free air to said annular chamber,means for heating said pocket, whereby said tubular member and saidannular chamber are heated by said pocket, and a manually operable valvemeans for controllin the flow of free air to said annular chain r. I

23. A retort for gasifying liquid fuel comprising an outer tubularmember, and an inner tubular member, one end of said inner tubularmember having an end closure, the other end of said inner tubular memberbeing connected by a wall to said outer tubular member, and bafiemembers extending between said tubular members and terminating short ofsaid wall connecting said inner and I outer tubular members.

24. A retort for heating and gasifying liquid fuel comprising an outertubular mem-' 6" V 1,esa,eaa

her, an inner tubular member spaced therefrom and connected by a wall tosaid outer tubular member at one end thereof the opposite end ofsaidinner tubular me her havmg an end wall a transverse plate contactisaid end wall and a airof members exten' ing from said plate mto thechamber formed between said inner and outer tubular members on oppositesides thereof and terminat-. 1 ing shortof the wall connecting saidinner and outer tubular members.

25. A retort for heating and gasifying liquid fuel comprising an outertubular member, an inner tubular member spaced therefrom and connectedby a wall to said outer tubular member at one end thereof, the oppositeend of said inner tubular member having an end wall,-a transverse platecontacting sald end wall, a pair of members extending from said plateinto the chamber formed between said inner'and outer tubular members onopposite sides thereof and terminating short of the wall connecting saidinner and outer tubular members, means for feeding liquid fuel to thechamber formed on one side of said plate, a mixing chamber, and meansfor feeding the gasified fuel to said mixing chamber communicating withthe chamber formed on the opposite side of said plate. 8 26. Incombination, an internal combustion motor having an intake opening, amix- .ing chamber communicating with said opening means'forautomatically feeding asified hydrocarbon fuel to said chamber, saimeans including a spring pressed valve adapted to be unseated duringtheintake stroke of said motor, means for feeding preheated air andunheated air to said chamber, and a separate manually operated'valveassociated with said 40 last named means adapted to control the actionof said sprin pressed valve.

' In testimony .w ereof I afiix m si ature.

CHARLES A. O IER.

